power dividers and directional couplers
Power dividers and directional couplers are essential components in RF and microwave systems, serving as fundamental building blocks for signal distribution and power management. These devices efficiently split or combine RF signals while maintaining precise power ratios and phase relationships. Power dividers distribute input power among multiple output ports with minimal loss, while directional couplers selectively sample RF signals in a specific direction. Both components operate across wide frequency ranges, from MHz to GHz, and are manufactured using various technologies including microstrip, stripline, and waveguide implementations. They feature high isolation between output ports, low insertion loss, and excellent VSWR characteristics. Common applications include antenna feed networks, signal monitoring systems, test and measurement equipment, radar systems, and telecommunications infrastructure. These devices are particularly valuable in modern wireless communications, where they enable efficient power distribution in base stations, facilitate signal monitoring in high-frequency circuits, and support complex RF system architectures.